Ayo Secu

Same Origin Policy (SOP)Same-Origin Policy (SOP) is a fundamental security mechanism in web browsers that restricts how resources and data can be shared across different origins. It ensures that web pages from one origin cannot access data or execute scripts from another origin without explicit permission.1. What Is an Origin?An origin is defined as a combination of the following components:Prot..

CAM (Content Addressable Memory) Table OverflowCAM Table Overflow is a type of network attack that targets switches by exploiting their Content Addressable Memory (CAM) table. The CAM table is a memory table in network switches that stores the mapping between MAC addresses and the switch’s physical ports. This allows the switch to efficiently forward frames to the correct port based on the desti..

Root StoreA Root Store is a collection of trusted root certificates used by operating systems, web browsers, and other software to establish secure connections over the internet. These root certificates are issued by trusted Certificate Authorities (CAs) and serve as the foundation for digital trust in public key infrastructure (PKI). When your device, application, or browser connects to a websi..

Broadcast Domain vs Collision DomainBroadcast DomainA broadcast domain refers to a segment of a network where any device within that domain can directly receive broadcast messages from other devices in the same domain. In a broadcast domain, a message sent to the broadcast address (such as 255.255.255.255 for IPv4) is delivered to all devices within that network segment.Key PointsBroadcasts are ..

UDP (User Datagram Protocol) HeaderThe UDP (User Datagram Protocol) header is a lightweight and simple protocol used for sending data across a network. It is designed to be efficient and fast, but unlike TCP, it does not guarantee reliable delivery, order of packets, or error correction. UDP is commonly used in real-time applications where speed is more important than reliability, such as video ..

HTTP Response HeadersHTTP Response Headers are key elements sent by the server to the client after receiving an HTTP request. These headers provide crucial information about the status of the request, the content being returned, and how the client should handle it. They help the client understand the nature of the server’s response, whether it was successful, and how to display or process the re..

HTTP HeadersHTTP headers are an essential part of the communication between a client (like a web browser) and a server when making HTTP requests and receiving responses. They provide additional metadata about the request or response, helping the server understand how to process the request or return the appropriate response. These headers include information such as the method being used, the fo..

Service PortsService ports are numerical identifiers assigned to specific processes or network services that run on a server or system. These ports allow devices to direct network traffic to the correct application. Different services (such as web servers, email servers, and file transfer services) are assigned specific ports to make network communication standardized and organized.The total ran..

RPC (Remote Procedure Call)RPC (Remote Procedure Call) is a protocol that allows a program to execute code or procedures on a remote server or computer as if it were executing locally. RPC abstracts the complexity of network communication, allowing developers to write distributed applications where tasks or services can be run on remote systems without the need for manual socket programming.Key ..

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) and SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol)FTP (File Transfer Protocol) and SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) are both protocols used for transferring files between a client and a server over a network. However, they differ significantly in terms of security and functionality.FTP (File Transfer Protocol)FTP is a standard network protocol used to transfer files betwee..