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Disk ForensicsDisk ImagingDefinition: Disk imaging is the process of creating an exact, bit-by-bit copy of a storage device (like a hard drive or SSD) to capture all data, including hidden, deleted, and residual data in unallocated space.Importance: Imaging preserves the original evidence while enabling forensic analysis on the copy, maintaining the integrity of the original data.Best Practice: ..

Network ForensicsIn network forensics, understanding the data flow, connections, and interactions within a network is essential. Here’s an overview of important network forensics components like DNS logs, passive DNS, NetFlow, and sampling rate.DNS Logs / Passive DNSDNS LogsPurpose: DNS logs capture details about DNS queries and responses, helping trace domain name resolutions back to specific t..

Evidence Volatility (network vs memory vs disk)Evidence volatility in digital forensics refers to how quickly certain types of evidence can be lost or altered. Understanding evidence volatility is crucial because it helps prioritize what to capture first during an investigation. Here’s a breakdown of volatility in the context of network, memory, and disk evidence:Network EvidenceVolatility: High..

Response ModelsBoth models provide structure and ensure a systematic approach, reducing oversights and enabling continuous improvement.SANS PICERL ModelPreparation: Develop response playbooks, train teams, and establish clear protocols.Identification: Detect, validate, and assess incidents.Containment: Limit the attacker’s access without causing further harm.Eradication: Remove the attacker from..

Important Things to Know and UnderstandHere’s an overview of each of these critical areas in incident management, with explanations of why each aspect is essential for effective responses and prevention.1. Type of Alerts and TriggersWhy It’s Important: Different alerts indicate various stages or types of threats (e.g., unauthorized access attempts, data exfiltration). Understanding how these ale..

Good Practices for Running IncidentsRunning an incident smoothly requires clear roles, effective delegation, communication, and timing. Here’s a breakdown of best practices, with insights into handling roles, communication, and management expectations throughout an incident.1. Delegation Best PracticesAssign Roles and Responsibilities Early: Use a predefined incident response team (IRT) structur..

Run a scenario from A to ZLet’s walk through a cybersecurity incident scenario, covering each stage and explaining when to engage each stakeholder and take critical actions.ScenarioPhishing Attack with Data ExposureAn employee unknowingly clicks on a phishing email link, which leads to unauthorized access to a database containing personal customer information.Step-by-Step Incident ResponseDetect..

Know when to talk to legal, users, managers, directorsKnowing when to involve legal teams, users, managers, and directors is essential for effective incident management in cybersecurity:Legal TeamWhen: As soon as an incident involves potential breaches of laws, regulations, or contractual obligations. This includes privacy incidents involving personally identifiable information (PII), intellectu..

Privacy Incidents vs Information Security Incidents“Privacy incidents” and “Information Security Incidents” are distinct but often related terms in cybersecurity, each with its focus and implications:Privacy IncidentsPrivacy incidents involve the unauthorized or accidental access, disclosure, or misuse of personal information, like names, addresses, or health data. These incidents primarily conc..

Detection Related ToolsIn cybersecurity, detection tools are used to monitor, analyze, and alert on potential threats in real-time or during investigations. These tools help security teams detect anomalies, attacks, and breaches by analyzing logs, network traffic, and system behaviors. Below is an overview of some key detection-related tools and their functions:1. Splunk:Type: SIEM (Security Inf..